Bookseller Barnes & Noble has scaled back its expansion plans in the recession. America’s largest book chain by sales had planned to open 35 superstores this year, but now has only 15 in the pipeline. Most of these are replacing existing branches that have closed or are being relocated.

Barnes & Noble will also close 15 superstores this year, compared with the 10 it had forecast. The retailer said the revision is partly down to developers halting building plans.